Makalah Funtion of Literature (Fungsi Karya Sastra)

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INTRODUCTION TO LITERATURE
(FUNCTION OF LITERATURE)



CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

  Literary theory is one of the lessons learned in the study of literature. In this paper, we discuss about the function of literature in various fields. and we also discussed about what is the general literature and national literature and what is the difference between of them.we hope that this paper our group could add insight to readers.   According to the title of this paper is about the function of literature and the difference between general literature and national literature, then this paper will discussed about:1. The function of literature?2. what is general literature?3. what is national literature?4. what is the different between general literature and national literature?     
CHAPTER 2
CONTENT

 A.  Functions of LiteratureLiterature creates to help language, create a sense of identity and community. Every indigenous community has its own language and literature. (Umberto Eco)

•    Entertainment FunctionKnown as “pleasure reading”. In this function, literature is used to entertain its readers. Literary works are consumed for the sake of one’s enjoyment.
•    Social and Political FunctionLiterature shows how society works around them. Literature helps the reader “see” the social and political constructs around him/her and shows the state of the people and the world around him/her. For example : The Social Poetry “Human Being” written by Vince Suzadail Jr.
•    Ideological FunctionLiterature shapes our way of thinking based on the ideas of other people. Literature also displays a person’s ideology placed in the text consciously and unconsciously. For example The book is written by Jacqueline Wilson “The Worst Thing About My Sister”, The premise behind this pink cover is that you should love your family and sister. This is accepted throughout the world. But actually lots of people don’t love their own family members.
•    Moral FunctionLiterature may impart moral values to its readers. The morals contained in a literary text, whether good or bad, are absorbed by whoever reads it, thus helps in shaping their personality. For example the moral we can find in book or movie like “Beauty and The Beast” in this book we can find the moral that beauty is not everything, we must not to be arrogant, and also we have to be kind to someone else.
•    Linguistic FunctionLiterature preserves the language of every civilization from where it originated. They are also evidences that a certain civilization has existed by recording the language and preserving it through wide spans of time. For example the Beowulf poet is used the old English language and Blas de Otero wrote his poem used the Spanish language because he is from Bilbao, Spanyol.
•    Cultural FunctionLiterature orients us to the traditions, folklore and the arts of our ethnic group’s heritage. Literature preserves entire cultures and creates an imprint of the people’s way of living for others to read, hear, and learn. For example in Indonesia there is a folklore about the “Tangkuban Perahu” and in England there is folklore with the title “The Three Little Pigs”.
•    Educational FunctionLiterature teaches us of many things about the human experience. Literature is used to portray the facets of life that we see, and those that we would never dream of seeing. Literature, therefore, is a conduit for the chance to experience and feel things where we can learn things about life.
•    Historical FunctionAncient texts, illuminated scripts, stone tablets etc. keep a record of events that happened in the place where they originate. Thus they serve as time capsules of letters that is studied by scholars and researchers of today. For example The Dunhuang Manuscripts.

B. General LiteratureGeneral (World) literature is sometimes used to refer to the sum total of the world’s national literatures, but usually it refers to the circulation of works into the wider world beyond their country of origin. (Wikipedia)literature is generally not associated with the just one nation, the state, or a particular geographic region. because it is not associated with a particular nation or state, general literature relating to international movements, as poetics and literary theory. For example the poetics of Aristoteles, spread and also applied in the worldwide.   

C. National Literature
     National literature is a study of the culture in an each country for examples the study about their culture, life, society, languange, etc.National Literature is the study of literature that discuss the literary life of a nation or a particular ethnic group, or literature with a particular language media. For Example : Indonesian Literature, English Literature, French Litarature, etc.

D. Different Between National Literature and General LiteratureComparative literature is a study of International Literature like Cultures, History in the world, and theories. While national literature is a study of the culture in an each country for examples the study about their culture, life, society, languange, etc.    
CHAPTER 3
CLOSING
 Conclusion
By learning the function of literature, we can know that our world not just like a giant ball without nothing happen in the inside, but by studying literature and exactly the function of literature we can know what happen in our world, for what the literature was made?. And to learn a bit more about the world and the culture of any place in this earth.    Sources
Welek, Rene. 1948. Theory of Literature. United States : Harcourt, Brace, and Company.
Binumuscat. “What is the function of literature?”. 2007. 




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